Monday, November 30, 2009

Insurance & Technology

November 20, 2009

Honor Roll: This Week's Top Insurance Blogs (Nov. 15-21)

Our favorite insurance technology-related blog posts from around the Web (November 15-21, 2009):


Tectonic shifts: HP Plus 3Com versus Cisco Plus EMC

Technology industry analyst Judith Hurwitz write that the implications HP’s planned acquisition of 3Com go further than what meets the eye. “It also pits HP in a direct path against EMC with its Cisco partnership,” Hurwitz suggests.
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An Exciting New Day

AgencyPort’s Steve Hauck offer his perspective on the company’s recent acquisition by Sword Group. “AgencyPort management will remain intact and business will operate the way it always has,” he writes.
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‘Tis the Season for Overflow Help (look to the Cloud?)

This post is ostensibly about security risks related to cloud computing, but the real interesting bit is at the end, where Javed Ikbal breaks down the 67 days it (allegedly) takes to fix a cross-site scripting problem.
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Text Mining: The Intersection of Content & BI

“In most cases text-mining software is pointed at electronic documents, such as call center comment fields, e-mail-based surveys and online feedback forms, but there are still lots of paper documents out there,” writes Intelligent Enterprise’s Doug Henschen in this post about structured and unstructured text mining.
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November 17, 2009

Government Report: NY Fed Could Have Done More in AIG Negotiations

Apparently, the New York Fed could have done more last year when it was negotiating with AIG trading partners. At least that's what Troubled Asset Relief Program special inspector general Neil M. Barofsky suggests in a government report officially released today.


From the New York Times:

UBS, of Switzerland, alone offered to give a break to the New York Fed in the negotiations last November over how to keep A.I.G. from toppling and taking other banks down with it. It would have accepted 98 cents on the dollar.

But UBS's good-faith gesture was quickly drowned out by Goldman Sachs and the top French bank regulator. They argued, with others, that it would be improper and perhaps even criminal to force A.I.G.'s trading partners to bear losses outside of bankruptcy court.

The banks and the regulator were confident that the New York Fed was not willing to push A.I.G. into bankruptcy, because earlier in the fall the New York Fed had stepped in with $85 billion to prop up the insurer.

The New York Fed, led then by Timothy F. Geithner, who is now the Treasury secretary, therefore had little leverage in the negotiations, according to a post-mortem of what has emerged as the most inflammatory episode in the rescue of A.I.G.

Read the full story here.




November 16, 2009

Mere Efficiency Insufficient for Securing Positive Return-on-Assets

With the announcement of the Deloitte Shift Index this morning, a recent I&T Blog contribution from Guidewire's Marcus Ryu gains credibility. Readers may recall that Mr. Ryu discussed diminishing returns from mere efficiency improvements, arguing that insurers should emulate the transition that occurred in manufacturing from efficiency/automation-orientation to precision-orientation, lean manufacturing techniques and just-in-time production/inventory approaches.


The argument about the limits of mere efficiency appear to be supported by Deloitte's report that despite major improvements in labor productivity over the last four decades, many US industries — including insurance — have experienced alarming decreases in their return-on-assets.

According to a Deloitte source, the insurance industry's average return-on-assets has dropped by 142% from 2.6 to negative 1.1%. The source further asserts that technology does emerge as a differentiating factor between insurers, with adoption of digital infrastructure the key difference between top and bottom performers.

Delioitte shared with me other factors affecting capital performance within the insurance industry:

— Insurance is labor intensive, which is not expected to be alleviated except by technology.

— Inability to grow market share – with gains generally at the expense of competitors rather than the opening of new markets – pressures profitability.

— Firms with the best return-on-assets capitalize on technology to generate higher returns.

— The rate at which companies lose their return-on-assets leadership is due to greater dependence on the a volatile stock market.
Low competitive intensity, mainly due to high barriers to entry, benefits insurance.




November 13, 2009

Honor Roll: This Week's Top Insurance Blogs (Nov. 8-14)

Our favorite insurance technology-related blog posts from around the Web (November 8-14, 2009):


The Role of the Modern Insurance CIO

Celent's Craig Weber shares his impressions of today's insurance carrier CIOs, having spent time with many of them at a recent industry conference. In a completely unrelated story, Craig Weber recently spent time with many insurance carrier CIOs at I&T's 2009 Executive Summit.
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Finally! Offshore Firm Buys McCamish

Novarica's Matt Josefowicz, who appeared in an I&T video earlier this week, expresses his lack of surprise regarding InfoSys Technologies' Acquisition of McCamish Systems.
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It's World Usability Day!

Bruce Temkin quotes Mahatma Gandhi in this post on scenario design and usability, and suggests that firms should place more value on improving ease of use. In a related post, he shares data from Forrester's Customer Experience Rankings, naming the Top 25 companies (including a couple insurers) in its Ease of Use Index.
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How MDM Helps Meet Data Warehousing Promises

Initiate's Lawrence Dubov discusses how the concept of master data management (MDM) co-exists with the data warehousing (DW) and operational data store (ODS) concepts developed in the 80s and 90s. "MDM takes the science and art of data warehousing dimensions and ODS development to the next architectural level," Dubov suggests.
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November 12, 2009

Accenture/Guidewire Battle Rekindles

The latest salvos in the Accenture/Guidewire legal battle have been fired, with Accenture filing a new suit on Nov. 10 in the Delaware District Court, adding to the exiting case before Judge Sue L. Robinson. Guidewire fired back the next day with a press statement alleging, in essence, that Accenture was engaging in what observers of the software industry and others have sometimes termed "competition by litigation." Accenture has now reacted to Guidewire's statement.


Insurance & Technology received the following response from Accenture this morning:

"Defendants typically attack a patent’s validity as a defense, however, we are confident that our patents will be upheld both at trial and by the patent office.

"The Accenture Claim Components Solution currently helps process 40 million property and casualty insurance claims globally, including approximately one-third of all insurance claims in the United States. It is recognized to be one of the most innovative technology solutions in the insurance industry, with eight US and 10 other worldwide patents granted since 1999. It was the first Web-based claims solution on the market, the first deployed to 20,000 claims handlers in a single implementation, and was the highest analyst-rated claims solution in 2009.

"When anyone violates our intellectual property, we will pursue all appropriate legal remedies to protect it."

We'll be reporting in greater depth over the coming days about the meaning of this latest development and the potential impact of the matter once verdicts in the specific actions are reached.




Esurance: The Differences Between E-Commerce Companies and Insurance Companies

The night before Esurance CIO Phil Swift teamed with his colleague, director of systems engineering Deepak Srinivasan, to deliver the opening presentation of the 2009 Insurance & Technology Executive Summit, he told me that one of his big picture goals was to get Esurance to operate and think of itself more as an e-commerce company and less as a traditional insurance company.


The notion was interesting to me because, at a macro level, I was easily able to wrap my head around the differences between the two approaches. However, I had trouble when I searched for specifics. In my head, there were differences between an e-commerce company and a traditional insurance company and the way each operates and approaches technology, but the differences were visceral. When it came down to details such as how each handled business models, project management, IT decision making and establishing business goals, I found it difficult to put the approaches of insurance companies in one column and the approaches of e-commerce companies in another.

In their presentation, entitled "Customers Versus Costs: Negotiating the Balance Between Service and Efficiency," Swift and Srinivasan laid out Esurance's approach to technology and innovation. Based on their presentation, I'd have to say that the most important technology virtue at the San Francisco-based carrier is flexibility. Swift described the carrier's project management strategy as a flexible process and one that allowed high-impact projects to jump to the top of the queue as priorities shifted.

This was most evident when the economic crisis hit last fall and Esurance's business goals shifted from growth to loss ratios, profitability and conversion rates, Swift said.

In addition, Srinivasan noted how the company was flexible and able to move quickly when it discovered in 2008 that its JD Power customer service rankings compared unfavorably to its competitors. The carrier responded quickly by prioritizing several customer service-related IT projects. By April 2009, those projects were delivered. In the most recent JD Power report, Esurance showed marked improved, moving to the middle of rankings with regard to its competition.

The question that I have is: Is flexibility and the value a company places upon it what differentiates an e-commerce company from an insurance company? It seems to be something that Esurance, an organization that fashions itself as an e-commerce company, values highly. However, it's also something that most traditional insurance carrier CIOs value as well. Perhaps what we're really talking about here isn't a specific e-commerce strategy compared to a specific insurance carrier strategy. Maybe this is just a case of two different states of mind.




November 11, 2009

Executive Summit Report: Controlling Your Destiny During Organizational Change

Among all the advice I've heard about how to undertake a successful merger, one of the most unusual recommendations comes from Russ Bostick, EVP, Technology & Operations, Conseco Services LLC.


In a presentation on “Controlling Your Destiny: Navigating Change from a Position of Strength” at last week’s Insurance & Technology Executive Summit, Bostick confessed, “I hang out with the smokers,” noting that this practice is an effective way to hear rumors and gauge what employees are thinking during times of turmoil. In fact, making sure that people don’t have too much time on their hands to gossip and speculate is critical, according to Bostick. “Keep idle hands busy,” he emphasized.

While cultural and workforce issues are among the most challenging aspects of a merger that the CIO must address, they are among many potential hurdles IT executives will have to address in the course of a merger, Bostick pointed out. Ultimately, whether an executive is on the acquiring or to-be-acquired side of the deal, it’s important to “be a leader,” rather than a follower, Bostick stressed. Essential capabilities include “flexibility, resiliency and [being] adaptable,” he said. “As CIO, you have to become Machiavellian” as IT often must “reorganize to prepare for a merger.”

If a CIO doesn’t have these skills, “you won’t be involved -– you will be marginalized,” Bostick said. “The CIO should have a strong role in negotiating outcomes –- that forms a common language to talk to the [people] you’re acquiring or being acquired by.”

The importance of shedding distractions when it comes to successful completion of a merger was also stressed by Mark Esposito, CIO, Hartford Life, who used the phrase “focusing forward” in describing IT’s role -– not only in a merger but also in today’s more difficult business environment. “Focusing forward means spending more time on delivering business value [versus] delivering technology services,” he said. The leadership team needs to refocus on growth, Esposito added, which includes “looking for differentiators and aligning innovation” as well as looking to “drive different business models and partnerships.”

At the same time, in an M&A situation technology leadership needs to be opportunistic, Esposito told the Executive Summit audience. Among his recommendations: Have a pre- and post-sale “playbook”; have clarity on the deal’s objectives and key performance indicators; set up a “disciplined” integration office that can handle “end to end” requirements; and, perhaps most importantly, “Finish the job.”

Esposito was equally emphatic about the need for CIOs and other technology executives to proactively face the requirements and risks of the current business environment. In fact, he suggested that the turmoil the industry has faced actually has created favorable conditions to “present business ideas and options,” adding that senior management and business executives “are more open to listening” as opposed to the “don’t mess with success -– my business is growing” attitude of more stable times.

Esposito challenged the Executive Summit attendees with this question: “How opportunistic have you been?” and exhorted them to “unlock areas that deliver value.”




AIG's Benmosche Threatens to Quit

Today's Wall Street Journal reports that AIG CEO Bob Benmosche told board members that he was "done," having reached a high pitch of frustration over government constraints, and in particular compensation limits. After shocking the board, he said he would think it over but doubts remain as to his continued tenure. The article reports:


Last week, Mr. Benmosche and other AIG board members met with [federal "pay czar"] Mr. Feinberg in New York. During the three-hour meeting, board members discussed difficulties of complying with pay policies and retaining talent at the company. Mr. Benmosche's frustrations "hit a crescendo," said a person familiar with the matter. "Bob feels he is in an impossible situation," the person added. Mr. Benmosche didn't respond to a request for comment.

The article also notes that this isn't the first time Benmosche has threatened to quit, and that he has a reputation for making incendiary remarks calculated to motivate others to adopt his recommendations.

That may be, but this is surely the Mother of All Incendiary Remarks, the "nuclear option" of threats. A correspondent of mine argues that one "can't shake the devil's hand and then say you're kidding." Another argued that perhaps the meaning of the story is that Benmosche is a big personality chafing at what he should have known: that this situation requires a kind of submission to a higher authority that previous positions have not. Some question whether Benmosche is just in it for the money.

No doubt an ego such as Benmosche's chafes at having to submit to AIG's new federal overlords. But maybe he is sincere in his complaint that he's been put in an impossible situation. And even if the threat is a maneuver to trigger a policy change, surely we can appreciate that he is earnestly worried about the effects the policy may have on AIG's chances for success. The charge that Benmosche's antics reflect that he's in it for the money strikes me as absurd. Even if he were just in it for the money, then his behavior would indicate his genuine belief that government policy was going to undermine AIG's, and therefore his, success.

Let's say your brother-in-law nearly drove his business into the ground. You step in as an investor for the sake of the family, pouring in a significant portion of your own money into the enterprise. To punish your B-in-L for being such a good-for-nothing, you proceed cut the salaries of all the company's sales reps, even though they can command a better salary at competitors. No one in his right mind would do this, including the decision-makers of the federal government. But then they're not investing their own money in AIG.




November 09, 2009

J.D. Power: Insurers' Service Can Trump Price

Like the children of Lake Wobegon, it turns out that P&C call centers as a class are above average. That piece of information was shared by Jeremy Bowler, senior director, insurance practice, J.D. Power & Associates, speaking at Insurance & Technology's 11th annual Executive Summit in Phoenix last week. That level of performance is just as well, given that a slight edge in customer satisfaction can make a significant impact on a company's bottom line, according to Bowler.


Customer service expectations are "industry neutral," Bowler noted, saying that as a consumer "every service experience informs your expectation of the next one." That being the case, it has become common practice for companies to closely track customer experience across other industries. That means that insurers wishing to increase customer sat need to keep a close eye on the best practitioners of customer service, regardless of industry.

These insights constitute reinforcement rather than news, when bolstered by survey data from J.D. Power, but Bowler shared further insights, some counterintuitive. Providing customer service has a defensive aspect, especially for an industry as challenged in its public image as insurance. However, good customer service can give a significant edge to companies in the areas of retention, reduced acquisition costs and increased pricing power, according to Bowler.

High customer satisfaction is a critical brand-builder for an industry that depends on a perception of trust. Brand perception drives customer acquisition and ensures high rates of retention. For example, Bowler noted that nearly half (46 percent) of customers reporting high levels of satisfaction will not switch their company for any price. Critically, Bowler observed, a relatively minor improvement in service, such as a tweak to a Web site or call center, can drive an improvement in an insurer's overall customer sat score.

Happy customers are more likely to stick around, and when insurers take trouble to communicate their value proposition, those customers are more likely to stay customers even when premium prices are raised, Bowler reported.




November 06, 2009

Best Practices: Replacing Legacy Policy Production Systems

By Jerry Driscoll, HP Exstream

Insurance companies are inherently dependent on document-intensive processes. From quotes and policies to billing statements and claims, it is easy to see why it is so crucial for insurers to have the most reliable and efficient document automation solutions to streamline these processes. The recent announcements regarding some of the older policy production systems being discontinued has flooded the market with conflicting messages concerning next steps and which document solution is best. Whether your current policy production solution is outdated, inefficient or sun-setting, there are a number of factors to consider before replacing it.


Reasons to Change

Before you decide to change to a new document automation solution, it is important to evaluate the drivers within your organization for making such a change. Key drivers include:

Risks to mission-critical functions. Policy issuance is a fundamental function for insurance carriers and any disruption would be considered, by any CIO, to be a catastrophe. This risk has greatly increased in the last 12 months with the announcement that many popular solutions will no longer be supported or enhanced in the near future. Without someone to call when the system goes down, organizations are exposed to significant operational and financial risk.

Pressure to reduce operational costs. Insurance companies incur significant costs associated with customer communications and policy production, including document development time. By continuing to utilize a legacy system, tasks ranging from integrating, extracting and normalizing data from back-end systems to implementing new lines of business are time-intensive and expensive. Adopting a modern enterprise document automation solution allows you to streamline processes and significantly reduce document management and development time so you can focus on capturing more business rather than operations that support the business.

Need to simplify the IT environment. Using one system to produce policies, another to generate claims correspondence and yet another to deliver annual statements is an inefficient use of IT and financial resources, and prevents consistent communications to members. When evaluating new document automation solutions, find one that supports policy production as well as member communication needs from a single platform, scales for future business requirements, and supports collaboration on document creation.

Market pressures to become more competitive. By upgrading legacy policy production and member correspondence systems, insurers can eliminate bottlenecks, reducing costs and enhancing the member experience. An effective enterprise document automation solution allows insurers to create policies and other member communications that are relevant and personalized to their needs, consistent in look and feel, and easier to understand, allowing insurers to more effectively combat competitive pressures.


Finding the Right Solution

Now that we have established the drivers which necessitate upgrading your policy production systems, knowing what to look for in a new solution is vital.

1) A reputable supplier. North American insurers need to look beyond the software itself and select a technology partner who is reliable and committed to continued innovation. Consider factors such as the size of the vendor, how long they have been in business and their presence worldwide.

2) An enterprise platform, not just a point solution. Look for an enterprise platform that supports design, creation, delivery, and management of all member communications, regardless of type (e.g., billing notices, claims, quotes, proposals, etc.), complexity, or delivery channel.

3) Compatibility with your environment. A solution that fits well into your existing IT environment is a must for any solution that you consider. It should allow you to utilize your existing hardware, printers and data files, and should not force you to change these. Often, companies can get bogged down with simply converting their data to make it ready for the new system. Insurers should look for a solution that can easily access and leverage existing content in its native format without having to transform or manipulate it.

A Strategy for Conversion

Much like a new homebuyer can get lost in the excitement of the new features and amenities of their future home, overlooking the necessary steps they must take in order to actually make the move, it is important for insurers replacing legacy policy production systems to consider vendors with a proven conversion strategy in addition to attractive software features. Insurers should also look to peers who have already made a conversion to better understand what they can expect. Lastly, insurance companies should look for a document automation solution with features that promote ease-of-use (backed by industry analysts), minimal IT support, higher productivity, and the ability to create complex documents.

It can seem overwhelming to consider migrating to a new document automation solution; however, selecting the vendor with the right solution and notable experience in conversion can alleviate this anxiety. After you have made the move to your new document automation platform, the ease of use, increased productivity and agility it provides will ensure you are well prepared for the future.


About the Author:Jerry Driscoll is Sales Director, Financial Services and Insurance Division, HP Exstream. He is responsible for directing HP Exstream’s business development for all North American financial services and insurance markets.




Celent Research Finds Carriers Optimistic

As ominous economic indicators continue to financial services horizon, insurance technology officers remain remarkably optimistic, as measured by recent Celent research findings shared by Craig Weber, senior vice president of the analyst firm's insurance group, at Insurance & Technology's Executive Summit earlier this week during a session entitled "Taking Stock: Coping with the Crisis and Looking Ahead."


Celent surveyed several hundred respondents across different insurance sectors during the first, second and third quarters of 2009. When asked to assess their company's outlook from present to third quarter to a year from responding, respondents consistently reported a stable outlook growing rosier with time. While enthusiasm for the future moderated somewhat by the third quarter survey, optimism remained intact.

Similarly, when asked how the financial crisis would affect IT projects, only small percentage thought the impact would be high, while roughly half saw a moderate to low impact over the three quarter iterations of the survey. Drilling down into areas of investment, Weber reported that there was high activity in a number of areas, including analytics. That area, he remarked, "is hot, hot hot. People seem to be investing in this area up to 20 percent more than a year ago, and about 45 percent said it was an area of high investment."

These recent findings more or less confirm the outlook that has prevailed since budget season 2008: the insurance industry hasn't been hit as hard as other financial services sectors, and despite a very uncertain economic outlook, well-capitalized insurers are moving forward with transformational initiatives.

Weber's presentation also inadvertently called out the differences between the insurance sectors. During the question and answer period, the CIO of a major life insurer expressed skepticism about optimistic budget predictions. Weber explained that he was averaging the results of all responses, a significant proportion of which were from P&C insurers.

As bad economic news continues to arrive — such as unemployment cracking 10 percent — its understandable that optimism faded in Celent survey respondents, if only a small amount. No one knows what the future will bring, but as insurers finalize their budgets, Celent's information confirms the pattern set last year: insurers remain cautious about discretionary spending, they are exercising greater financial diligence and slowing their technology investment decision-making, but in terms of larger modernization efforts, they are staying the course.




November 05, 2009

Honor Roll: This Week's Top Insurance Blogs (Nov. 1-7)

Our favorite insurance technology-related blog posts from around the Web (November 1-7, 2009):


The CIAB/LexisNexis Insurance Exchange: Who Owns The Data?

AgencyPort's Mason Power takes a closer look at the CIAB/LexisNexis insurance exchange. "...carriers must sign an agreement to be part of the exchange. A pivotal part of the agreement is data ownership," Power writes.
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Lightyear Capital buys 3 ING Broker-Dealers

Novarica's Robert Ellis provides some perspective on Lightyear Capital's acquisition of three ING broker-dealers. "Even without the urgency of having to raise the cash, this deal makes sense as product manufacturers continue to separate themselves from their captive distribution channels to avoid any perceived bias toward proprietary products," Ellis writes.
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Infuse Emotion Into Experience Design

Forrester's Bruce Temkin suggests that it's time for companies to make emotional connections with customers and potential customers online. In this post, he shares bits of a report he worked on with primary author Ron Rogowski, comparing the virtues of functional Web site design with those of Emotional Experience Design.
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The Brittle Nature of Data Warehouses

"I think you'll agree that, for many reasons and by many measures, data warehouses haven't fully delivered on their promise. Let's examine the four main issues that traditional data warehouse ecosystems have struggled with," begins Marty Moseley of Initiate's Mastering Data Management blog.
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Customer Service and the Economic Crisis: What Changed?

During his presentation at the 2009 Insurance & Technology Executive Summit, AXA Equitable EVP and CIO Kevin Murray discussed the major impacts of the economic crisis on his organization.


In the presentation, "Managing in Crisis: Adapting to Changing Enterprise Priorities," the 2009 Elite 8 honoree recalled that, as a result of the crisis, AXA Equitable was impacted in three way main ways: products (especially those that had annuity guarantees), capital constraints and customer service.

The customer service impact was felt almost immediately. When the financial news really started to sound ominous last fall, AXA Equitable's customer service areas experienced increased call volumes and calls that lasted two to three times as long as usual. To get a better idea of what was happening, Murray used the carrier's call center technology capabilities to listen in on incoming calls. What had changed, he discovered, wasn't simply that more people were calling in or that people were staying on the phone longer. The nature of the calls had changed.

Here are some examples of what customers were saying, according to Murray:

"Oh good, you answered the phone. My money is still there."

"Thanks for talking to me. Would it be OK if I called back tomorrow?"

"I'm driving down there. I'm going to take my money and put it in my mattress."

The crisis had significantly changed the kinds of customer service interactions the carrier was having. AXA Equitable's customer service team, temporarily at least, had to change its approach. Problem solving wasn't as important as reassuring customers, on a very basic level, that the company was stable and that their money was safe.

Carrier Opportunities

1) Insurance companies is committed to a policy of equal employment opportunities and welcomes people irrespective of their race or gender. All appointments are made on the basis of merit and candidates are placed in jobs for which they are best suited.

2) They provide their employees with life-long employment and career growth. Their employee development and qualification enhancement program provides opportunity to talented people to grow and rise to the highest levels of management through a policy of promotion from within and continuous development. In return they ask for dedication, hard work and professionalism

3) They hold their employees in the highest esteem and they do all they can to increase their self-worth so that the employee can achieve fulfillment and full potential. Pay and performance are linked and rewards and recognition go to those who consistently outperform.

4) Work of all employees is directed through a comprehensive performance management system which interlocks business objective with individual goals, targets and work plans; evaluates results and achievements; provides feedback and counseling; and forms the basis for performance and potential review, merit, increases, salary position, career plans, training and development.

LIFE INSURANCE

For most people, the purpose of life insurance should be to replace the financial contribution made by a family member.
Life insurance can be pure insurance, which pays only on the death of the insured, or cash value insurance, which also has a savings vehicle. Most people who need life insurance are better off with pure insurance and saving for retirement through other vehicles.
Proceeds from life insurance cover three types of expenses: replacement of the policyholder's income or work, estate taxes, and burial costs. When you consider the amount of insurance to buy, consider the following:

1. Most of the life insurance should be on a family member whose salary is important to the family budget.

2. Consider a relatively small life insurance policy on a stay-at-home parent to cover child care and other expenses.

3. Don't buy life insurance on children. Instead, buy life insurance on other family members for the benefit of children.

4. Consider reducing the amount of life insurance you have as you build more financial assets.

5. Pass on credit life insurance and mortgage life insurance if you can. These plans are restrictive and expensive. Buy more general life insurance instead if you feel a need.


6. Pass on life insurance altogether if you are single and don't have anyone depending on you. At most, get a small policy to spare your family burial expenses.

You should buy about 12 times the amount of money you would need annually to replace what the family member is contributing. For example, if you would need $40,000 a year to replace the death of an employed member, you would need a $480,000 (rounded to $500,000) policy.

Car Insurance

Your auto insurance protects you from economic losses if you ever meet with a vehicle accident or some other unforeseen event. Auto insurance is basically an agreement with the insurance company and you. You make a premium payment to the insurance company and in return the company agrees to pay for your losses as promised in the insurance policy.

Travel Insurance


f you are planning to travel outside the country may be for a business trip or just for leisure time, having a travel insurance plan will be an intelligent choice. In the earlier times making a choice for the travel insurance was a costly affair. But now, with the changing times, it has become a necessity. Usually full travel insurance will cost you around a maximum of six to seven percent of your travel cost.

When you are deciding for a travel insurance plan you are looking at two major points:
- Coverage for the abandonment or interrupted of your travel due to some particular reasons.
- Due to some medical reasons.
Coverage for the loss of personal belongings is not a good choice as the medical evacuation in some emergency and a trip interruption. Medical expenses are very high in some country and if you had to make payments by yourself then you can be in serious financial botherations. So it is better to review your insurance policy regarding health again.
Travel insurance plan makes coverage for the unexpected events for example- some natural calamity, the hijacking of the airplane, an accident while you were on the way to the airport, or fire. If you make any alterations in your plans, if you have to make a stay due to your professional reasons, or you don’t have enough monetary funds then the insurance company won’t cover you. The insurance companies don’t accept the injuries made by yourself and if you have used some drugs.
Your travel insurance will cover your damages just incase the travel agency due to some reasons closes their business and if you have made a purchase of the travel insurance plan from the traveling company itself then it is very difficult to get your losses covered. The coverage entirely depends on the policy statement and only some of the companies make a payment if the company is not functional for a maximum number of ten days or more than that if a case of bankruptcy is filed. But there are some travel companies they do not file any bankruptcy case they just flee away. It can really ruin away your plans if your traveling company or agent closes down their business unexpectedly.
Usually the traveling companies charge a maximum amount of seven percent of your travel cost for the following- medical assistance, abandonment of the travel. The cost depends on your age, your travel cost and the medical coverage. There are some travel companies and agents those are engaged in providing you the travel insurance straightway but it is not the best way to own it.
It is always best to review other rates to have a suitable deal. If you are planning to make a purchase from the travel agency then you would be in a loss as you never know when they will be closing their business. So you should always prefer to buy a travel insurance plan from a registered or a famous insurance company or agency.
Like the usual process of insurance you should be definite that you have enough coverage for the fulfillment of your requirements. If you have any valuable item then make sure to get it included in the policy statement. It is unimportant to calculate the price for the travel insurance with the condition where you don’t have travel insurance and might have to face some losses.

Health Insurance

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Indemnification

The technical definition of "indemnity" means to make whole again. There are two types of insurance contracts;

1. an "indemnity" policy and
2. a "pay on behalf" or "on behalf of"[3] policy.

The difference is significant on paper, but rarely material in practice.

An "indemnity" policy will never pay claims until the insured has paid out of pocket to some third party; for example, a visitor to your home slips on a floor that you left wet and sues you for $10,000 and wins. Under an "indemnity" policy the homeowner would have to come up with the $10,000 to pay for the visitor's fall and then would be "indemnified" by the insurance carrier for the out of pocket costs (the $10,000)[4].

Under the same situation, a "pay on behalf" policy, the insurance carrier would pay the claim and the insured (the homeowner) would not be out of pocket for anything. Most modern liability insurance is written on the basis of "pay on behalf" language[5].

An entity seeking to transfer risk (an individual, corporation, or association of any type, etc.) becomes the 'insured' party once risk is assumed by an 'insurer', the insuring party, by means of a contract, called an insurance 'policy'. Generally, an insurance contract includes, at a minimum, the following elements: the parties (the insurer, the insured, the beneficiaries), the premium, the period of coverage, the particular loss event covered, the amount of coverage (i.e., the amount to be paid to the insured or beneficiary in the event of a loss), and exclusions (events not covered). An insured is thus said to be "indemnified" against the loss covered in the policy.

When insured parties experience a loss for a specified peril, the coverage entitles the policyholder to make a 'claim' against the insurer for the covered amount of loss as specified by the policy. The fee paid by the insured to the insurer for assuming the risk is called the 'premium'. Insurance premiums from many insureds are used to fund accounts reserved for later payment of claims—in theory for a relatively few claimants—and for overhead costs. So long as an insurer maintains adequate funds set aside for anticipated losses (i.e., reserves), the remaining margin is an insurer's

Insurance companies

Insurance companies may be classified into two groups:

  • Life insurance companies, which sell life insurance, annuities and pensions products.
  • Non-life, General, or Property/Casualty insurance companies, which sell other types of insurance.

General insurance companies can be further divided into these sub categories.

  • Standard Lines
  • Excess Lines

In most countries, life and non-life insurers are subject to different regulatory regimes and different tax and accounting rules. The main reason for the distinction between the two types of company is that life, annuity, and pension business is very long-term in nature — coverage for life assurance or a pension can cover risks over many decades. By contrast, non-life insurance cover usually covers a shorter period, such as one year.

In the United States, standard line insurance companies are "mainstream" insurers. These are the companies that typically insure autos, homes or businesses. They use pattern or "cookie-cutter" policies without variation from one person to the next. They usually have lower premiums than excess lines and can sell directly to individuals. They are regulated by state laws that can restrict the amount they can charge for insurance policies.

Excess line insurance companies (aka Excess and Surplus) typically insure risks not covered by the standard lines market. They are broadly referred as being all insurance placed with non-admitted insurers. Non-admitted insurers are not licensed in the states where the risks are located. These companies have more flexibility and can react faster than standard insurance companies because they are not required to file rates and forms as the "admitted" carriers do. However, they still have substantial regulatory requirements placed upon them. State laws generally require insurance placed with surplus line agents and brokers not to be available through standard licensed insurers.

Insurance companies are generally classified as either mutual or stock companies. Mutual companies are owned by the policyholders, while stockholders (who may or may not own policies) own stock insurance companies. Demutualization of mutual insurers to form stock companies, as well as the formation of a hybrid known as a mutual holding company, became common in some countries, such as the United States, in the late 20th century. Other possible forms for an insurance company include reciprocals, in which policyholders 'reciprocate' in sharing risks, and Lloyds organizations.

Insurance companies are rated by various agencies such as A. M. Best. The ratings include the company's financial strength, which measures its ability to pay claims. It also rates financial instruments issued by the insurance company, such as bonds, notes, and securitization products.

Reinsurance companies are insurance companies that sell policies to other insurance companies, allowing them to reduce their risks and protect themselves from very large losses. The reinsurance market is dominated by a few very large companies, with huge reserves. A reinsurer may also be a direct writer of insurance risks as well.

Captive insurance companies may be defined as limited-purpose insurance companies established with the specific objective of financing risks emanating from their parent group or groups. This definition can sometimes be extended to include some of the risks of the parent company's customers. In short, it is an in-house self-insurance vehicle. Captives may take the form of a "pure" entity (which is a 100% subsidiary of the self-insured parent company); of a "mutual" captive (which insures the collective risks of members of an industry); and of an "association" captive (which self-insures individual risks of the members of a professional, commercial or industrial association). Captives represent commercial, economic and tax advantages to their sponsors because of the reductions in costs they help create and for the ease of insurance risk management and the flexibility for cash flows they generate. Additionally, they may provide coverage of risks which is neither available nor offered in the traditional insurance market at reasonable prices.

The types of risk that a captive can underwrite for their parents include property damage, public and product liability, professional indemnity, employee benefits, employers' liability, motor and medical aid expenses. The captive's exposure to such risks may be limited by the use of reinsurance.

Captives are becoming an increasingly important component of the risk management and risk financing strategy of their parent. This can be understood against the following background:

  • heavy and increasing premium costs in almost every line of coverage;
  • difficulties in insuring certain types of fortuitous risk;
  • differential coverage standards in various parts of the world;
  • rating structures which reflect market trends rather than individual loss experience;
  • insufficient credit for deductibles and/or loss control efforts.

There are also companies known as 'insurance consultants'. Like a mortgage broker, these companies are paid a fee by the customer to shop around for the best insurance policy amongst many companies. Similar to an insurance consultant, an 'insurance broker' also shops around for the best insurance policy amongst many companies. However, with insurance brokers, the fee is usually paid in the form of commission from the insurer that is selected rather than directly from the client.

Neither insurance consultants nor insurance brokers are insurance companies and no risks are transferred to them in insurance transactions. Third party administrators are companies that perform underwriting and sometimes claims handling services for insurance companies. These companies often have special expertise that the insurance companies do not have.

The financial stability and strength of an insurance company should be a major consideration when buying an insurance contract. An insurance premium paid currently provides coverage for losses that might arise many years in the future.

Types of insurance

Any risk that can be quantified can potentially be insured. Specific kinds of risk that may give rise to claims are known as "perils". An insurance policy will set out in detail which perils are covered by the policy and which are not. Below are (non-exhaustive) lists of the many different types of insurance that exist. A single policy may cover risks in one or more of the categories set out below. For example, auto insurance would typically cover both property risk (covering the risk of theft or damage to the car) and liability risk (covering legal claims from causing an accident). A homeowner's insurance policy in the U.S. typically includes property insurance covering damage to the home and the owner's belongings, liability insurance covering certain legal claims against the owner, and even a small amount of coverage for medical expenses of guests who are injured on the owner's property.

Business insurance can be any kind of insurance that protects businesses against risks. Some principal subtypes of business insurance are (a) the various kinds of professional liability insurance, also called professional indemnity insurance, which are discussed below under that name; and (b) the business owner's policy (BOP), which bundles into one policy many of the kinds of coverage that a business owner needs, in a way analogous to how homeowners insurance bundles the coverages that a homeowner needs.

Auto insurance

A wrecked vehicle

Auto insurance protects you against financial loss if you have an accident. It is a contract between you and the insurance company. You agree to pay the premium and the insurance company agrees to pay your losses as defined in your policy. Auto insurance provides property, liability and medical coverage:

  1. Property coverage pays for damage to or theft of your car.
  2. Liability coverage pays for your legal responsibility to others for bodily injury or property damage.
  3. Medical coverage pays for the cost of treating injuries, rehabilitation and sometimes lost wages and funeral expenses.

An auto insurance policy is comprised of six different kinds of coverage. Most countries require you to buy some, but not all, of these coverages. If you're financing a car, your lender may also have requirements. Most auto policies are for six months to a year.

In the United States, your insurance company should notify you by mail when it’s time to renew the policy and to pay your premium.

Home insurance

Home insurance provides compensation for damage or destruction of a home from disasters. In some geographical areas, the standard insurances excludes certain types of disasters, such as flood and earthquakes, that require additional coverage. Maintenance-related problems are the homeowners' responsibility. The policy may include inventory, or this can be bought as a separate policy, especially for people who rent housing. In some countries, insurers offer a package which may include liability and legal responsibility for injuries and property damage caused by members of the household, including pets.

Health

NHS Facility

Health insurance policies by the National Health Service in the United Kingdom (NHS) or other publicly-funded health programs will cover the cost of medical treatments. Dental insurance, like medical insurance, is coverage for individuals to protect them against dental costs. In the U.S., dental insurance is often part of an employer's benefits package, along with health insurance.

Disability

  • Disability insurance policies provide financial support in the event the policyholder is unable to work because of disabling illness or injury. It provides monthly support to help pay such obligations as mortgages and credit cards.
  • Disability overhead insurance allows business owners to cover the overhead expenses of their business while they are unable to work.
  • Total permanent disability insurance provides benefits when a person is permanently disabled and can no longer work in their profession, often taken as an adjunct to life insurance.
  • Workers' compensation insurance replaces all or part of a worker's wages lost and accompanying medical expenses incurred because of a job-related injury.

Casualty

Casualty insurance insures against accidents, not necessarily tied to any specific property.

Life

Life insurance provides a monetary benefit to a decedent's family or other designated beneficiary, and may specifically provide for income to an insured person's family, burial, funeral and other final expenses. Life insurance policies often allow the option of having the proceeds paid to the beneficiary either in a lump sum cash payment or an annuity.

Annuities provide a stream of payments and are generally classified as insurance because they are issued by insurance companies and regulated as insurance and require the same kinds of actuarial and investment management expertise that life insurance requires. Annuities and pensions that pay a benefit for life are sometimes regarded as insurance against the possibility that a retiree will outlive his or her financial resources. In that sense, they are the complement of life insurance and, from an underwriting perspective, are the mirror image of life insurance.

Certain life insurance contracts accumulate cash values, which may be taken by the insured if the policy is surrendered or which may be borrowed against. Some policies, such as annuities and endowment policies, are financial instruments to accumulate or liquidate wealth when it is needed.

In many countries, such as the U.S. and the UK, the tax law provides that the interest on this cash value is not taxable under certain circumstances. This leads to widespread use of life insurance as a tax-efficient method of saving as well as protection in the event of early death.

In U.S., the tax on interest income on life insurance policies and annuities is generally deferred. However, in some cases the benefit derived from tax deferral may be offset by a low return. This depends upon the insuring company, the type of policy and other variables (mortality, market return, etc.). Moreover, other income tax saving vehicles (e.g., IRAs, 401(k) plans, Roth IRAs) may be better alternatives for value accumulation. A combination of low-cost term life insurance and a higher-return tax-efficient retirement account may achieve better investment return.

Property

This tornado damage to an Illinois home would be considered an "Act of God" for insurance purposes

Property insurance provides protection against risks to property, such as fire, theft or weather damage. This includes specialized forms of insurance such as fire insurance, flood insurance, earthquake insurance, home insurance, inland marine insurance or boiler insurance.

  • Automobile insurance, known in the UK as motor insurance, is probably the most common form of insurance and may cover both legal liability claims against the driver and loss of or damage to the insured's vehicle itself. Throughout the United States an auto insurance policy is required to legally operate a motor vehicle on public roads. In some jurisdictions, bodily injury compensation for automobile accident victims has been changed to a no-fault system, which reduces or eliminates the ability to sue for compensation but provides automatic eligibility for benefits. Credit card companies insure against damage on rented cars.
    • Driving School Insurance insurance provides cover for any authorized driver whilst undergoing tuition, cover also unlike other motor policies provides cover for instructor liability where both the pupil and driving instructor are equally liable in the event of a claim.
  • Aviation insurance insures against hull, spares, deductibles, hull wear and liability risks.
  • Boiler insurance (also known as boiler and machinery insurance or equipment breakdown insurance) insures against accidental physical damage to equipment or machinery.
  • Builder's risk insurance insures against the risk of physical loss or damage to property during construction. Builder's risk insurance is typically written on an "all risk" basis covering damage due to any cause (including the negligence of the insured) not otherwise expressly excluded.
  • Crop insurance "Farmers use crop insurance to reduce or manage various risks associated with growing crops. Such risks include crop loss or damage caused by weather, hail, drought, frost damage, insects, or disease, for instance."[12]
  • Earthquake insurance is a form of property insurance that pays the policyholder in the event of an earthquake that causes damage to the property. Most ordinary homeowners insurance policies do not cover earthquake damage. Most earthquake insurance policies feature a high deductible. Rates depend on location and the probability of an earthquake, as well as the construction of the home.
  • A fidelity bond is a form of casualty insurance that covers policyholders for losses that they incur as a result of fraudulent acts by specified individuals. It usually insures a business for losses caused by the dishonest acts of its employees.
  • Flood insurance protects against property loss due to flooding. Many insurers in the U.S. do not provide flood insurance in some portions of the country. In response to this, the federal government created the National Flood Insurance Program which serves as the insurer of last resort.
  • Home insurance or homeowners' insurance: See "Property insurance".
  • Landlord insurance is specifically designed for people who own properties which they rent out. Most house insurance cover in the U.K will not be valid if the property is rented out therefore landlords must take out this specialist form of home insurance.
  • Marine insurance and marine cargo insurance cover the loss or damage of ships at sea or on inland waterways, and of the cargo that may be on them. When the owner of the cargo and the carrier are separate corporations, marine cargo insurance typically compensates the owner of cargo for losses sustained from fire, shipwreck, etc., but excludes losses that can be recovered from the carrier or the carrier's insurance. Many marine insurance underwriters will include "time element" coverage in such policies, which extends the indemnity to cover loss of profit and other business expenses attributable to the delay caused by a covered loss.
  • Surety bond insurance is a three party insurance guaranteeing the performance of the principal.
  • Terrorism insurance provides protection against any loss or damage caused by terrorist activities.
  • Volcano insurance is an insurance that covers volcano damage in Hawaii.
  • Windstorm insurance is an insurance covering the damage that can be caused by hurricanes and tropical cyclones.

Liability

Liability insurance is a very broad superset that covers legal claims against the insured. Many types of insurance include an aspect of liability coverage. For example, a homeowner's insurance policy will normally include liability coverage which protects the insured in the event of a claim brought by someone who slips and falls on the property; automobile insurance also includes an aspect of liability insurance that indemnifies against the harm that a crashing car can cause to others' lives, health, or property. The protection offered by a liability insurance policy is twofold: a legal defense in the event of a lawsuit commenced against the policyholder and indemnification (payment on behalf of the insured) with respect to a settlement or court verdict. Liability policies typically cover only the negligence of the insured, and will not apply to results of wilful or intentional acts by the insured.

  • Directors and officers liability insurance protects an organization (usually a corporation) from costs associated with litigation resulting from mistakes made by directors and officers for which they are liable. In the industry, it is usually called "D&O" for short.
  • Environmental liability insurance protects the insured from bodily injury, property damage and cleanup costs as a result of the dispersal, release or escape of pollutants.
  • Errors and omissions insurance: See "Professional liability insurance" under "Liability insurance".
  • Prize indemnity insurance protects the insured from giving away a large prize at a specific event. Examples would include offering prizes to contestants who can make a half-court shot at a basketball game, or a hole-in-one at a golf tournament.
  • Professional liability insurance, also called professional indemnity insurance, protects insured professionals such as architectural corporation and medical practice against potential negligence claims made by their patients/clients. Professional liability insurance may take on different names depending on the profession. For example, professional liability insurance in reference to the medical profession may be called malpractice insurance. Notaries public may take out errors and omissions insurance (E&O). Other potential E&O policyholders include, for example, real estate brokers, Insurance agents, home inspectors, appraisers, and website developers.

Credit

Credit insurance repays some or all of a loan when certain things happen to the borrower such as unemployment, disability, or death.

  • Mortgage insurance insures the lender against default by the borrower. Mortgage insurance is a form of credit insurance, although the name credit insurance more often is used to refer to policies that cover other kinds of debt.

Other types

  • Collateral protection insurance or CPI, insures property (primarily vehicles) held as collateral for loans made by lending institutions.
  • Defense Base Act Workers' compensation or DBA Insurance provides coverage for civilian workers hired by the government to perform contracts outside the U.S. and Canada. DBA is required for all U.S. citizens, U.S. residents, U.S. Green Card holders, and all employees or subcontractors hired on overseas government contracts. Depending on the country, Foreign Nationals must also be covered under DBA. This coverage typically includes expenses related to medical treatment and loss of wages, as well as disability and death benefits.
  • Expatriate insurance provides individuals and organizations operating outside of their home country with protection for automobiles, property, health, liability and business pursuits.
  • Financial loss insurance protects individuals and companies against various financial risks. For example, a business might purchase coverage to protect it from loss of sales if a fire in a factory prevented it from carrying out its business for a time. Insurance might also cover the failure of a creditor to pay money it owes to the insured. This type of insurance is frequently referred to as "business interruption insurance." Fidelity bonds and surety bonds are included in this category, although these products provide a benefit to a third party (the "obligee") in the event the insured party (usually referred to as the "obligor") fails to perform its obligations under a contract with the obligee.
  • Kidnap and ransom insurance
  • Locked funds insurance is a little-known hybrid insurance policy jointly issued by governments and banks. It is used to protect public funds from tamper by unauthorized parties. In special cases, a government may authorize its use in protecting semi-private funds which are liable to tamper. The terms of this type of insurance are usually very strict. Therefore it is used only in extreme cases where maximum security of funds is required.
  • Nuclear incident insurance covers damages resulting from an incident involving radioactive materials and is generally arranged at the national level. See the Nuclear exclusion clause and for the United States the Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act)
  • Pet insurance insures pets against accidents and illnesses - some companies cover routine/wellness care and burial, as well.
  • Pollution Insurance, which consists of first-party coverage for contamination of insured property either by external or on-site sources. Coverage for liability to third parties arising from contamination of air, water, or land due to the sudden and accidental release of hazardous materials from the insured site. The policy usually covers the costs of cleanup and may include coverage for releases from underground storage tanks. Intentional acts are specifically excluded.
  • Purchase insurance is aimed at providing protection on the products people purchase. Purchase insurance can cover individual purchase protection, warranties, guarantees, care plans and even mobile phone insurance. Such insurance is normally very limited in the scope of problems that are covered by the policy.
  • Title insurance provides a guarantee that title to real property is vested in the purchaser and/or mortgagee, free and clear of liens or encumbrances. It is usually issued in conjunction with a search of the public records performed at the time of a real estate transaction.
  • Travel insurance is an insurance cover taken by those who travel abroad, which covers certain losses such as medical expenses, loss of personal belongings, travel delay, personal liabilities, etc.

Insurance financing vehicles

  • Fraternal insurance is provided on a cooperative basis by fraternal benefit societies or other social organizations.[13]
  • No-fault insurance is a type of insurance policy (typically automobile insurance) where insureds are indemnified by their own insurer regardless of fault in the incident.
  • Protected Self-Insurance is an alternative risk financing mechanism in which an organization retains the mathematically calculated cost of risk within the organization and transfers the catastrophic risk with specific and aggregate limits to an insurer so the maximum total cost of the program is known. A properly designed and underwritten Protected Self-Insurance Program reduces and stabilizes the cost of insurance and provides valuable risk management information.
  • Retrospectively Rated Insurance is a method of establishing a premium on large commercial accounts. The final premium is based on the insured's actual loss experience during the policy term, sometimes subject to a minimum and maximum premium, with the final premium determined by a formula. Under this plan, the current year's premium is based partially (or wholly) on the current year's losses, although the premium adjustments may take months or years beyond the current year's expiration date. The rating formula is guaranteed in the insurance contract. Formula: retrospective premium = converted loss + basic premium × tax multiplier. Numerous variations of this formula have been developed and are in use.
  • Formal self insurance is the deliberate decision to pay for otherwise insurable losses out of one's own money. This can be done on a formal basis by establishing a separate fund into which funds are deposited on a periodic basis, or by simply forgoing the purchase of available insurance and paying out-of-pocket. Self insurance is usually used to pay for high-frequency, low-severity losses. Such losses, if covered by conventional insurance, mean having to pay a premium that includes loadings for the company's general expenses, cost of putting the policy on the books, acquisition expenses, premium taxes, and contingencies. While this is true for all insurance, for small, frequent losses the transaction costs may exceed the benefit of volatility reduction that insurance otherwise affords.
  • Reinsurance is a type of insurance purchased by insurance companies or self-insured employers to protect against unexpected losses. Financial reinsurance is a form of reinsurance that is primarily used for capital management rather than to transfer insurance risk.
  • Social insurance can be many things to many people in many countries. But a summary of its essence is that it is a collection of insurance coverages (including components of life insurance, disability income insurance, unemployment insurance, health insurance, and others), plus retirement savings, that requires participation by all citizens. By forcing everyone in society to be a policyholder and pay premiums, it ensures that everyone can become a claimant when or if he/she needs to. Along the way this inevitably becomes related to other concepts such as the justice system and the welfare state. This is a large, complicated topic that engenders tremendous debate, which can be further studied in the following articles (and others):

Closed community self-insurance

Some communities prefer to create virtual insurance amongst themselves by other means than contractual risk transfer, which assigns explicit numerical values to risk. A number of religious groups, including the Amish and some Muslim groups, depend on support provided by their communities when disasters strike. The risk presented by any given person is assumed collectively by the community who all bear the cost of rebuilding lost property and supporting people whose needs are suddenly greater after a loss of some kind. In supportive communities where others can be trusted to follow community leaders, this tacit form of insurance can work. In this manner the community can even out the extreme differences in insurability that exist among its members. Some further justification is also provided by invoking the moral hazard of explicit insurance contracts.

In the United Kingdom, The Crown (which, for practical purposes, meant the Civil service) did not insure property such as government buildings. If a government building was damaged, the cost of repair would be met from public funds because, in the long run, this was cheaper than paying insurance premiums. Since many UK government buildings have been sold to property companies, and rented back, this arrangement is now less common and may have disappeared altogether.

Global insurance industry

Global insurance premiums grew by 11% in 2007 (or 3.3% in real terms) to reach $4.1 trillion. The macro-economic environment was characterised by slower economic growth in 2007 and rising inflation. Profitability improved in life insurance and fell slighlty in the non-life sector during the year. Life insurance premiums grew by 12.6%, accelerating in the advanced economies with the exception of Japan and Continental Europe. Non-life insurance premiums grew by 7.6% during the year. Figures for premium income are not yet available for 2008, but the insurance industry is likely to see a slowdown in new business and falling investment revenue.

Advanced economies account for the bulk of global insurance. With premium income of $1,681bn, Europe was the most important region, followed by North America ($1,330bn) and Asia ($814bn). The top four countries accounted for nearly 60% of premiums in 2007. The US and UK alone accounted for 42% of world insurance, much higher than their 7% share of the global population. Emerging markets accounted for over 85% of the world’s population but generated only around 10% of premiums.

Saturday, November 7, 2009

Biggest Insurance Company In USA

State Farm Group
State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company was founded on June 7, 1922, by George J. Mecherle, a retired farmer. It initially concentrated on meeting auto insurance needs of Illinois farmers through a mutual organization owned by the customers. By 1942, the company was the nation's largest auto insurer, a ranking it has held ever since. About one out of every five cars on the road is insured with State Farm®. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company is a mutual insurance company and as such does not have any shareholders. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company began marketing health insurance in 1965.

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company is also the parent company of several wholly-owned subsidiaries that provide property and life insurance, banking products and mutual funds. These entities include:

State Farm Life Insurance Company was founded in 1929. State Farm Life and Accident Assurance Company began operations in 1961 to meet special requirements for life insurance in New York, Connecticut, and Wisconsin. State Farm Life Insurance Company and State Farm Life and Accident Assurance Company have been marketing Variable Products to our customers through State Farm VP Management Corporation since 1998.

State Farm Fire and Casualty Company was formed in 1935 to provide property insurance for State Farm customers in the United States and Canada. The product lines written by State Farm Fire and Casualty Company include homeowners, boat owners and many commercial lines. The company has been the nation's largest insurer of homes since 1964.

State Farm County Mutual Insurance Company of Texas became a part of the State Farm Group in 1961 and protects motorists in Texas . This company cedes most of the risk assumed under its policies to State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company under a quota-share reinsurance arrangement. The company is under common management with State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company

State Farm Indemnity Company commenced business in 1991 and writes auto insurance in the state of New Jersey for the State Farm group. The company was formed to provide more accurate pricing and risk assessment in this unique market. In 2006, State Farm Guaranty Insurance Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of State Farm Indemnity Company, began writing auto insurance business in the state of New Jersey. All business written by State Farm Guaranty Insurance Company is ceded to State Farm Indemnity Company.

State Farm General Insurance Company was organized in 1962 as a property insurance affiliate. This company has evolved into the primary writer of State Farm homeowners and property liability insurance in the state of California.

State Farm Florida Insurance Company commenced business Feb. 1, 1999 and is the primary writer of homeowners and property liability insurance in the state of Florida.

State Farm Lloyds is an association of underwriters operating under the Lloyds Plan as provided in Texas law. It underwrites homeowners and commercial multiple peril insurance in that state. It began writing business in 1983. The association's insurance operations are managed by its attorney in fact, State Farm Lloyds, Inc., as required by law.

State Farm Bank, F.S.B. received formal approval for a thrift charter from the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) in November 1998 and is generally referred to as "State Farm Bank®". Its focus is on consumer-oriented financial products, complementing State Farm's insurance focus on personal lines.State Farm Bank is a nontraditional financial institution and does not have branch offices. The bulk of direct customer interaction and product assistance is provided by State Farm® agents, augmented by a telephone call center, mail and the Internet. As of December 31, 2005, the Bank held $12 billion in total assets.

State Farm Investment Management Corp. (SFIMC) serves as the investment advisor for the State Farm Associate and Retail Mutual Funds and the underlying Funds offered in connection with State Farm Variable Products. In addition, SFIMC serves as the transfer agent for the State Farm Associate and Retail Mutual Funds . SFIMC has over 35 years experience managing investment company assets. State Farm VP Management Corp. (SFVPMC) serves as the broker/dealer for the State Farm Associate and Retail Mutual Funds and State Farm Variable Products .

STAT FARM INSURANCE
STAT FARM MUTUAL FUNDS
STAT FARM BANKS